Source of drugs | ONI

 Sources of drugs 

Sources of drugs

The drugs obtained from different sources like plant,animal, mineral,microbiological, semisynthetic, synthetic, etc.

Plant sources of drugs:-

☆ Leaves:- 

Tobacco leaves ➞Nicotine.

Digitalis purpurea ➞ Digoxin. 

Eucalyptus ➞ Eucalyptus oil. 

Atropa belladonna ➞ Atropine. 

☆ Flowers:-

Poppy plant - papaver somniferum ➞ morphine. 

Vince rosea ➞ vincristin, vinblastine. 

☆ Fruit:-

Senna pod ➞ Anthracin.

☆ Seeds:-

Mix vomica ➞ Strychnine. 

Castor oil seeds ➞ castor oil. 

☆ Roots :-

Ipecacuanha roots ➞ Emetine. 

☆ Bark :-

Cinchona bark ➞ Quinine.

Atropa belladonna ➞ Atropine. 

☆ Stem:- 

Chondrodendron tomentosun ➞ Tuboquaranine.

Animals sources of drugs:-

Pancreas ➞ Insulin. 

Urine of pregnant women ➞ HCG.

Sheep thyroid ➞ Thyroxine. 

Fish cod liver ➞ vitamin A and D.

Blood of animals and human plasma ➞ Vaccines 

Intestine of pig / cattle ➞ Heparin. 

Mineral sources of drugs:-

Iron ➞ Anaemia. 

Zinc ➞ wound / Eczema. 

Iodine ➞ Antiseptic. 

Gold ➞  Rheumatoid arthritis. 

Fluorine ➞  Antiseptic. 

Borax ➞  Antiseptic. 

Petroleum ➞ liquid paraffin. 

Click here to know route of drugs administration

Microbiological sources of drugs:-

Penicillium notatum ➞ penicillin. 

Actinobacteria ➞ Streptomycin. 

Semisynthetic sources of drugs:-

Apomorphine ➞ To treat the Parkinson's disease. 

Ampicillin ➞ Broad spectrum antibiotics.

Methyltestosterone ➞ To increase the testosterone efficacy. 

Synthetic sources :-

Anti anxiety drugs. 

Anticonvulsants drugs. 

Recombinant DNA technology  / Genetic engineering :-

▪ Genetic material of an organism is manipulated using biotechnology. 

Eg. Human insulin.

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