What is pulse |
What is pulse
Pulse is is an alternate dilation and recoil of artery .
A rhythmical throbbing of the arteries as blood is propelled through them , typically as felt in the wrists or neck.
Characteristics of pulse :-
Quality of pulse base on fullness of artery .
1) Pulse amplitude
a) Absent pulse = can't feel the pulse and no. Is "0" .
b) wire pulse = present in shock condition . It is also known as threaten pulse and no. Is "1" .
c) weak pulse = stronger than wire pulse and no. Is "2" .
d) Normal pulse = "3" number.
e) Bounding pulse = Extra volume is present due to over hydration and no. Is "4" .
2) pulse rate
Most common side of distal end of redial pulse and pulsation feeled in one min.
Exercise and hot application increase pulse rate .
Cold application is decrease pulse rate.
3) Rhythm
Regular intervals between pulse beat is called normal sinus rhythm .
Variation in regular pulse is called arrhythmia / disrhythmia .
Pulse deficit = Difference between apical and radial pulse.
Intermitted pulse = pulse is missed or absent at regular intervals .
Dicrotic pulse = Find 2 pulses due to one heart beat .
Atrial fibrillation = Repid contraction of atrium due to poor blood flow .
Ventricular fibrillation = more than 300 ventricle contraction .
4) Pulse volume
Amount of blood by which pulse create.
Water Hamer pulse/ collapsing pulse = volume is full but pulse suddenly disappeare .
Pulse alternus = Normal rhythm pulse rate but volume regularly strong or weak .
Bigeminal pulse = Alternative pulse is weak and comes early .
Peradoxical pulse = during inspiration absorve weak pulse rate.
Common sites for taking pulse=
Temporal artery = lateral site above the eye and time duration is 1 min.
Facial artery = Angle of jaw use in emergency .
Carotid artery = present in neck and use circulation check in unconscious patients and time duration is 5-10 second .
Apical pulse = Most common accurate pulse side is mitral valve / left midclavicular line.
Below the nipple 4th -5 th inter costal space .
In children - 4th ICS
Adult - 5th ICS
Pregnant lady - 4th iCS
Apical pulse check from 5 th intercostal space .
Radial pulse= most common use of radial pulse .
Brachial artery = In infant and neonate , use the brachial artery for pulse due to unconscious condition .
The carotid and femoral artery is not use because more fat deposit in carotid and femoral artery .
Use of Brachial artery in adults is blood pressure measurement .
Femoral artery = use for the cardiac catheterization .
Dorsal pedals = Front site of foot .
Posterior tibial pulse = use after heart catheterization .
Poplitial artery = poplitial fossa back of knee .
Method of taking pulses
1) palpation = palpation is done using the frist and second fingers of hand .
Arise the pressure on the artery and count the rate , rhythm and Assess the quantity of pulsation .
2) Auscultation = the most accurate assessment of pulse rate is apical pulse band assist by the placing diaphragm of stethoscope our apex of heart .
The sound heard by ear piece and count for one full min.
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